第65节
【】ity,theenglishddleclasses usedthehouseofnsastheirfirstlineofdefence againstthisabuseoftheroyalpoo giveinandthekiparliantaboutitsownbusiness. elevenlongyears,charlesiruledalone.heleviedtaxes ostpeardedasillegalandhenagedhis britishkingdosifithadbeenhisoryestate.he hadcapableassistantsandustsaythathehadtheurage ofhisnvis. unfortunately,insteadofassuringhielfofthesupport ofhisfaithfulsttishsubjeharlesbevolvedin aquarreluchagainsthis forcedbyhisneedforreadyharles lastobligedtoore.ittin aprilof1640andshoper.itwasdissolved afeentnvenedinnoveer. thisoneeers uoodthatthequestionof``goventbydivine rightoventbyparliantstbefoughtout foodandall.theyattackedthekinginhisillors aheyannouhat theyselvestobedissolvedhouttheir ober1,1641,theypresented tothekinga``graranceailed aanygrievahepeopleagainsttheirruler. esupportforhisoy irydistricts,leftlondoninjanuaryof1642.each sideanisedanarandpreparedforopenween theabsolutepohecroheabsolutepower ofparliant.duringthisstruggle,thestpowerfulreligious elentofengland,calledthepuritans,theywere anglisost absolutelits,entsof ``godlyn,ndedbyolivercrotheir irondiscipliheirprofoundnfideheholinessof theirai,soohe opposition.ted.afterthebattle ofnaseby,in1645,hefledtostland.thest totheenglish. therefueandanuprising ofthestchpresbyteriansagainsttheenglishpuritan. inaugustoftheyear1648afterthethreedaysbattleof prestonpans,crodeaothissendcivilwar, andtookedinburgh.aniredoffurther talkandedhoursiousdebate,haddet ontheiroovedfroarliantall thoseagreehtheiroanviehereupon the``ru,ent, ausedthekingofhightreason.thehouseoflords refusedtositasatribunal.aspecialtribunaled andithekingtodeath.ohofjanuary oftheyear1649,kingcharleslyoutofawindow ofehallontothescaffold.thatday,thesn people,agthroughtheirchosenrepresentatives,forthe firsttiexecutedarulerouandhisown positioniate. theperiodhedeathofcharlesisusually firsttheunoffitator ofengland,headelordprotectorintheyear 1653.heruledfiveyears.heusedthisperiodtontinue thepoliorebeh eneofenglandaional andsacredissue. therceofenglandaerestsofthetraders hingelse,aestantcreedof thestrictestnatureaintained.inintaining englandspositionabroad,croessful.asa soer,hoheworldis deupofanuerofpeopleandtheyrarelythinkalike. inthelongrun,thisseeaveryent ofandbyandforonesioftheey otpossiblysurvive.thepuritanshadbee forcefoodheytriedtorrecttheabuseofthe royalpoe intolerable. atterforthe stuartstoretutotheiroldkingdoiheywere edas``deliverersbythepeoplehe yokeoftheekpuritansquiteashardtobearasthatofauto kingcharles.providedthestuartset aboutthedivinerightoftheirlateandlaher ahe peopleprosedthattheyhfulsubjects. takeasuessofthis. butthestuartsapparentlyhadheir lessonandodroptheirbadhabits.charlesii, ebatheyear1660,iablebuthless person.hisindolendhisnstitutionalinsistenceupon folloheeasiesturse,togetherhhisnspiess asaliar,preventedabreakbetselfand hispeople.bytheaityin1662hebrokethe poen froheirparishes.bythesoleactof 1664hetriedtopreventthedissentersfrottendingreligious etingsbyathreatofdeportationtotheihis lookedtoochlikethegoodolddaysofdivineright.people begantoshopatience, andparliantsuddenlyexperienultyinproviding thekinghfunds. sinoneyfro, charlesborrohisneighbourandusin kinglouisoffrance.hebetrayedhisprotestantalliesin retufor200,000poundsperyear,andlaughedatthepoor siletonsofparliant. enodependencesuddenlygavethekifaith inhisoanyyearsofexileang hisrelationsandhehadasecretlikingfortheir religion.perhapsheuldbringenglandbaehe passedadeclarationofindulgenceheold lathecatholiddissehishappenedjust ese aanireet peoplebegantofearsoterriblepopishplot.ane ofueheland.stofthepeopleedtoprevent abreakofcivilroyaloppression anda ...